The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Modifies Lipoprotein (a)-Related Poor Prognosis in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] could contribute to coronary artery disease (CAD) through proinflammatory effects. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory biomarker. We consecutively enrolled 7,922 CAD patients to investigate the synergistic association of Lp(a) and NLR with prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). NLR was calculated as the neutrophil count divided by the lymphocyte count. Cutoff for NLR was a median of 2.07. The threshold value was set at 30 mg/dL for Lp(a). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), including all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction. During 2 years follow-up, 111 (1.40%) MACEs occurred. Lp(a) > 30 mg/dL was associated with an increased MACE risk in participants with NLR ≥2.07 [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.84; 95% CI, 1.12–3.03], but not in participants with NLR <2.07 (adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.38–1.45) ( Pinteraction = 0.021). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the synergistic association of Lp(a) and NLR with prognosis was more pronounced in female patients ( Pinteraction = 0.028). This study suggested that combining Lp(a) and NLR may be useful for risk stratification in CAD population.