Effect of Atorvastatin on Low-Density Lipoprotein Subpopulations and Comparison Between Indicators of Plasma Atherogenicity

Abstract

Treatment with statins to achieve target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels is still associated with residual risk. Lipoprotein subfraction evaluation can provide additional information regarding atherogenicity in these individuals. Patients (n = 40) with hypercholesterolemia (29 females, mean age 63 years), without previous hypolipemic treatment, were treated with atorvastatin 40 mg/d for 3 months. Atorvastatin significantly reduced total cholesterol (6.7 ± 1.0 vs 4.6 ± 1.3 mmol/L, P < .001), LDL-C (4.3 ± 1.0 vs 2.6 ± 0.9 mmol/L, P < .001), triglycerides (1.8 ± 0.9 vs 1.5 ± 1.00 mmol/L, P < .05), small-dense LDL (sdLDL) fraction 3 to 7 (0.22 ± 0.37 vs 0.09 ± 0.16 mmol/L, P < .001), and apolipoprotein B (apoB; 1.0 ± 0.2 vs 0.74 ± 0.2 g/L, P < .001). There was a negative correlation of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) with buoyant LDL-1 and LDL-2 ( r = −.35; P < .05) and positive with sdLDL-3 to sdLDL-7 ( r = .52, P < .001). Administration of atorvastatin 40 mg/d in patients with hypercholesterolemia caused a shift in sdLDL subfractions to large, buoyant subfractions. The AIP better correlated with sdLDL than apoB levels.