Anemia Is Associated With Poor Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

The association between anemia and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) has not been well studied. To assess the effect of anemia on patients hospitalized with TCM, we identified 4733 patients with a primary diagnosis of TCM from the 2016 to 2018 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (the United States) using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, Clinical Modification ( ICD-10-CM) code. Of these, 603 (12.7%) patients had a comorbidity of anemia and 4130 did not. After propensity score matching, we compared the in-hospital outcomes between the 2 groups (anemia vs nonanemia, n = 594 vs 1137). Patients with TCM with anemia had significantly higher rates of in-hospital complications, including cardiogenic shock (11.4% vs 4.0%, P < .001), ventricular arrhythmia (6.6% vs 3.6%, P = .008), acute kidney injury (22.7% vs 13.1%, P < .001), acute respiratory failure (22.6% vs 13.1%, P < .001), longer length of hospital stay (5.6 ± 5.8 days vs 3.6 ± 3.6 days, P < .001), and higher total charges (US$79 586 ± 10 2436 vs US$50 711 ± 42 639, P < .001). In conclusion, patients with anemia who were admitted for TCM were associated with a higher incidence of in-hospital complications compared with those without anemia.