Atenolol and Amiodarone: A Comparative Study of Their Anti-Ischaemic Effect

Abstract

A total of 10 patients with mixed angina were entered into a study to compare the anti-ischaemic efficacy of atenolol and amiodarone. The study was divided into three parts: (a) placebo for 2 weeks; (b) 100 mg atenolol given for 8 weeks; and (c) amiodarone given for 8 weeks, divided into week 1, 200 mg three times daily; week 2, 200 mg twice daily; weeks 3 and 4, 200 mg once daily; weeks 5–8, 200 mg once daily for 5 days a week. Clinical examination, basal and multi-stage effort electrocardiograms were performed at the end of each treatment. The number of anginal attacks and the amount of trinitrin taken by the patients were significantly reduced by both drugs with no significant difference between them. Compared with placebo, both drugs induced a significant increase in work capacity and in the time to decrease the ST-segment by 1 mm. At rest, atenolol reduced systolic blood pressure, heart rate and the systolic blood pressure–heart rate product compared with placebo. Systolic blood pressure was also reduced significantly compared with patients given amiodarone. Amiodarone did not influence these parameters. At maximum effort, amiodarone reduced heart rate and the systolic blood pressure–heart rate product compared with placebo. This reduction was greater for atenolol. The ST-segment depression was comparable between patients given either test drug. Amiodarone, therefore, exerts an anti-ischaemic effect similar to that shown by atenolol with different haemodynamics: atenolol reducing myocardial oxygen demand, amiodarone having an additive increase of coronary flow. Such an effect was obtained with a lower dose of amiodarone than is commonly used.