Effects of CD40 ligation combined with chemotherapy drugs on human breast cancer cell lines

Abstract

Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant human CD40 ligand (rhCD40L) on the biological behaviour of breast cancer cells. Methods MDA-MB-23l and MDA-MB-435 treated with rhCD40L were observed for changes in the cell cycle, in membrane proteins, and in mRNA levels of B cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xl), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES). Effects of rhCD40L on cell proliferation in the presence or absence of interferon (IFN)-γ (500 IU/ml) and/or doxorubicin (20 ng/ml) were also determined. Results rhCD40L dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation. Combination of rhCD40L with IFN-γ or doxorubicin potentiated the inhibitory activity. After treatment, an increase in cells entering the G1 phase of the cell cycle was observed, with a significant decrease in the number entering the S phase. Levels of several membrane proteins including CD95L and CD120a were also increased. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction revealed an increase in the Bax/Bcl-xl mRNA ratio and an increase in RANTES. Conclusion rhCD40L treatment of breast cancer cells mediates a variety of anti-tumour effects, not only by direct cytotoxic activity but also by upregulation of adhesion molecules, co-stimulators and cytokines to rectify T cell immunity.