Effects of In-Car Support on Mental Workload and Driving Performance of Older Drivers

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the extent to which driving performance of 10 older (70—88 years old) and 30 younger participants (30—50 years old) improves as a result of support by a driver assistance system. Background: Various studies have indicated that advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) may provide tailored assistance for older drivers and thereby improve their safe mobility. Method: While drivers followed an urban route in a driving simulator, an ADAS provided them with prior knowledge on the next intersection. The system was evaluated in terms of effects on workload and safety performance. Results: Messages informing drivers about the right-of-way regulation, obstructed view of an intersection, and safe gaps to join or cross traffic streams led to safer driving performance. A message regarding an unexpected one-way street led to fewer route errors. In general, effects were the same for all age groups. Workload was not reduced by the support system. Conclusion: The evaluated support system shows promising effects for all age groups. Longer evaluation periods are needed to determine long-term effects. Application: The messages provided by the evaluated system are currently not provided by existing ADAS such as advanced cruise control and navigation systems, but they could possibly be added to them in the future.