Dysphagia in Older Adults is Associated With Food Insecurity and Being Homebound

Author:

Jones Harrison N.1ORCID,Leiman David A.23,Porter Starr Kathryn N.456,North Rebecca5,Pieper Carl F.57,Robison Raele D.8ORCID,Cohen Seth M.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

2. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

3. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA

4. Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

5. Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA

6. Durham VA Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

7. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

8. Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA

Abstract

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate relationships between swallowing difficulty (dysphagia) and social determinants of health (SDOH) in older adults ≥65 years. Method: Cross-sectional analyses were performed in community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries from the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The primary exposure was self-reported difficulty chewing/swallowing in the prior month. Dependent measures included a variety of SDOH outcomes (e.g., food insecurity [FI]). Weighted logistic regression models were estimated to determine associations between dysphagia and SDOH outcomes. Results: Of 4041 participants, 428 (10.6%) self-reported dysphagia. In the adjusted model, dysphagia was associated with significantly increased odds for FI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 2.07, p = .023) and being homebound (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.55, p= < .001). Discussion: Older adults with dysphagia had increased odds of FI and being homebound. These associations have implications for health-promoting interventions at the individual and policy levels in older adults.

Funder

Pepper Incubation Award, Duke Claude D. Pepper Older American Independence Center

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Program

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Geriatrics and Gerontology,Gerontology

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