Risk Factors for Post-Discharge Adverse Outcomes Following Hospitalization Among Older Adults Diagnosed With Elder Mistreatment

Abstract

Using 100% Medicare data files, this study explored whether primary elder mistreatment (EM) diagnosis, EM type, and facility type were associated with 3-year mortality and 1-year unplanned hospital readmission among older patients diagnosed with EM with hospital discharge from 10/01/2015 through 12/31/2018 ( n = 11,023). We also examined outcome differences between older patients diagnosed with EM and matched non-EM patient controls. Neglect by others was the most common EM diagnosis. Three-year mortality was 56.7% and one-year readmission rate was 53.8%. Compared to matched non-EM patient controls, older EM patients were at an increased risk of mortality and readmission. Among patients diagnosed with EM, patients with a secondary (vs. primary) diagnosis and those discharged from a skilled nursing facility (vs. acute hospital) were at an increased risk for both mortality and readmission. Compared to other EM types, patients diagnosed with neglect by others had a greater risk for mortality following discharge.