Therapeutic Vaccine against Streptococcus sobrinus-induced Caries

Author:

Dinis M.12345,Tavares D.12345,Fonseca A.J.M.M.12345,Faria R.12345,Ribeiro A.12345,Silvério Cabrita A.M.12345,Ferreira P.12345

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Immunology, ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Lg. Prof. Abel Salazar 2, 4099-003 Porto,

2. Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto,

3. Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra-Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, and

4. Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra -Instituto de Patologia Experimental-, Coimbra, Portugal;

5. authors contributing equally to this work;

Abstract

Streptococcus sobrinus produces a virulence-associated immunomodulatory protein (VIP) which suppresses the host-specific immune response and induces the early production of IL-10. In this study, we evaluated the effects of therapeutic immunization with this VIP on the incidence of caries in S. sobrinus-infected rats. Groups of Wistar rats were orally infected with S. sobrinus and fed with sucrose-sweetened drinking water ad libitum. Five days later, rats were immunized intranasally with active or heat-inactivated VIP plus alum as adjuvant or PBS plus adjuvant (sham-immunized). After 3 wks, all rats were re-immunized as above. Evaluation of dental caries showed that VIP-immunized animals had significantly fewer enamel sulcal and proximal caries lesions than did the sham-immunized animals (p < 0.001). The protective effects following therapeutic VIP immunization were attributed to the induced salivary immunoglobulin A specific to the VIP. These results offer a promising and safe strategy for the development of a vaccine against dental caries.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Dentistry

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