Abstract
This literature review summarizes recent string orchestra literature pertaining to findings, implications, and future research suggestions for school orchestra programs and private instruction. String education literature chosen for this review appeared in peer-reviewed, music education journals since 1980, resulting in 59 summaries. Twelve emergent themes were explored, and studies relevant to these topics were selected for inclusion in this review. Summaries are presented and organized by those 12 themes: (1) status of orchestra programs, (2) string-teacher training programs, (3) teaching styles, (4) vibrato and left-hand technique, (5) bowing and articulation, (6) intonation, (7) body issues, (8) concert programming, (9) adjudication/evaluation, (10) extra-musical effects of string classes, (11) community partnerships, and (12) important historical figures. From this review of string literature, it is the authors’ hope readers apply these reported findings in their teaching, identify areas in need of more research, and continue to engage in meaningful string research.