Lenalidomide as a treatment for relapsed AL amyloidosis in an HIV-positive patient

Abstract

We present a case of an HIV-positive man with systemic immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloid with cardiac involvement. At relapse, he was treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone having previously developed autonomic neuropathy with bortezomib-based chemotherapy. The patient achieved a serological complete response with symptomatic improvement. After 11 cycles, lenalidomide was discontinued due to extensive ischaemia of the gastrointestinal tract. The patient remains symptomatically stable with normal levels of serum-free light chains 11 months after the treatment was discontinued. Lenalidomide can be a good treatment option for AL amyloidosis in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.