Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis: low-risk human papilloma virus detection in two further cases

Abstract

We report two cases of histologically documented pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis in middle-aged male patients, which showed positivity for low-risk serotype human papillomavirus DNA. To our knowledge, only one other case has been documented. Further immunohistochemical proliferative markers were performed and compared to literature findings in penile epithelial proliferations. Evolution to invasive verrucous carcinoma has been associated with absence of HPV DNA. Thus, if confirmed by further studies, HPV testing should be included in pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis assessment to address prognosis, and management.