Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

Author:

Frade Paula CR123ORCID,Raiol Nairis C1,da Costa Luana M123,Pinheiro Luiz ML4,Silva-Oliveira Gláucia C1ORCID,Pinho João RR5ORCID,Lemos José AR6ORCID,Martins Luísa C23,Oliveira-Filho Aldemir B12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Populações Vulneráveis, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança, Brazil

2. Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Mulher e da Criança, Hospital Santo Antonio Maria Zaccaria, Bragança, Brazil

3. Núcleo de Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil

4. Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas, Campus do Marajó – Soure, Universidade Federal do Pará, Soure, Brazil

5. Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

6. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil

Abstract

In South America, the Amazon basin is considered an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, epidemiological studies with vulnerable groups are scarce. Female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections due to a combination of their sexual behavior and socio-economic conditions. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of HBV infections and HBV–hepatitis C virus, HBV–hepatitis D virus, HBV–HIV, and HBV–human T-lymphotropic virus co-infections among FSWs in the Marajó Archipelago, northern Brazil, as well as identifying the HBV genotypes circulating in this population. A total of 153 FSWs in 5 towns and 18 riverside communities were included in the study. The HBV infection and co-infections were diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The HBV genotypes were detected by sequencing and were then analyzed phylogenetically. Most of the FSWs surveyed were single, young, heterosexual, and born locally, with low levels of education. Overall, 21 (13.7%) had been exposed to HBV, and HBV-DNA was detected in 13 (8.5%). Genotypes A (69.2%), D (23.1%), and F (7.7%) were detected. Seven cases of co-infections with other viruses were detected. These findings indicate a clear need for urgent measures to control the spread of HBV and other pathogens, and to promote the health of the local FSWs.

Funder

Ministério da Educação, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Fundação Amazônia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisa

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Dermatology

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