Guideline adherence and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a Japanese Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction Diagnosed by Universal Definition (J-MINUET) substudy

Abstract

Background: The association between guideline adherence and long-term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction in real-world clinical practice remains unclear. Methods: We investigated 3283 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction who were selected from a prospective, nation-wide, multicentre registry (J-MINUET) database covering 28 institutions in Japan between July 2012 and March 2014. Among the 2757 eligible patients, we evaluated the use of seven guideline-recommended therapies, including urgent revascularisation, door-to-balloon time of 90 minutes or less, and five discharge medications (P2Y12 inhibitors on aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, statins, lipid-lowering drugs). The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, cardiac failure and urgent revascularisation for unstable angina up to 3 years. Results: The overall median composite guideline adherence was 85.7%. Patients were divided into the following three groups: complete (100%) adherence group (n=862); moderate adherence (75% to <100%) group (n=911); and low adherence (0–75%) group (n=984). The rate of adverse cardiovascular events was significantly lower in the complete adherence group than in the low and moderate adherence groups (log rank P<0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed complete guideline adherence was also significantly associated with lower adverse cardiovascular events compared with low guideline adherence (hazard ratio 0.66; 95% confidence interval 0.52–0.85; P=0.001). Conclusion: The use of guideline-based therapies for patients with acute myocardial infarction in contemporary clinical practice was associated with significant decreases in adverse long-term clinical outcomes. Trial registration: UMIN Unique trial Number: UMIN000010037