Autoclave Emissions—Hazardous or Not

Abstract

Autoclaves used for sterilization and decontamination of biological materials operate at temperatures of 121°C or higher. Substances placed in the autoclave produce emissions that may have unpleasant odors, and in some instances may be hazardous. Agar and media cause odors when autoclaved but are not hazardous. However certain chemicals cause irritation of the eyes, nose and throat and may also be hazardous when released during autoclaving. Plastics such as polystyrene used in the manufacture of disposables, are unstable when autoclaved and may release gases such as styrene and ethyl benzene. Adequate ventilation systems are needed in areas where autoclaves are located.