Elite middle school students’ citizenship competence learning in Shanghai

Abstract

With specific reference to Shanghai city in China, this study investigates elite middle school students’ citizenship competence learning – political identity, scientific spirit, legal awareness, and public participation. The study uses a mixed methodology of questionnaires, classroom observations, document analyses, and interviews to collect data and identifies three patterns of students’ citizenship competence learning. This study provides empirical data that supplement the existing literature on elite students’ citizenship learning in the context of China.