THE LIFE EXPERIENCE AND STATUS OF CHINESE RURAL WOMEN FROM OBSERVATION OF THREE AGE GROUPS

Abstract

Interview data gathered during two surveys in Anhui and Zhejiang Provinces in 1986 and 1987 are used to depict changes in the social status and life situation of rural women in China in three age groups, 18-36, 37-55 and 56 and over. For the younger women, marriage increasingly is a result of discussion with parents, not arrangement, but third-party introductions are increasing. They are active in household and township enterprises and aspire to more education and economic independence. The middle-aged group experienced war and revolution and now work non-stop under the responsibility system of household production, aspiring to university education for sons and enterprise work for daughters. The older women, while supported by their sons, live a frugal existence. In general, preference for sons is still prevalent and deep-seated. At the same time, the bride price and costs of marriage are increasing and of widespread concern. Rural socio-economic growth is required before Confucian traditions are overcome.