The mechanism of sertraline-induced [Ca2+]i rise in human OC2 oral cancer cells

Abstract

Effect of sertraline, an antidepressant, on cytosolic free Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) in human cancer cells is unclear. This study examined if sertraline altered basal [Ca2+]i levels in suspended OC2 human oral cancer by using fura-2 as a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probe. At concentrations of 10−100 μM, sertraline induced a [Ca2+]i rise in a concentration-dependent fashion. The Ca2+ signal was reduced partly by removing extracellular Ca2+ indicating that Ca2+ entry and release both contributed to the [Ca2+]i rise. Sertraline induced Mn2+ influx, leading to quench of fura-2 fluorescence suggesting Ca2+ influx. This Ca2+ influx was inhibited by suppression of phospholipase A2, inhibition of store-operated Ca2+ channels or by modulation of protein kinase C activity. In Ca2+-free medium, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin or 2,5-di-(t-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (BHQ) nearly abolished sertraline-induced Ca2+ release. Conversely, pretreatment with sertraline greatly reduced the inhibitor-induced [Ca2+]i rise, suggesting that sertraline released Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. Inhibition of phospholipase C did not change sertraline-induced [Ca2+]i rise. Together, in human oral cancer cells, sertraline induced [Ca2+]i rises by causing phospholipase C-independent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ influx via store-operated Ca2+ channels.