Psychometric properties of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test screening tool among medical outpatients in Dilla University Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2020

Abstract

Objective: A quick, efficient, and flexible screening tool is essential for identifying alcohol use disorder in a busy clinical context. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test is the most widely used and validated screening tool in the outpatient context. The psychometric features of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test have yet to be confirmed for Ethiopians. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test screening tool’s reliability and validity among medically ill patients in Ethiopia. Method: A total of 325 patients who visited the internal medicine outpatient department were included in this study. To diagnose alcohol use disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), the psychometric features of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were compared to the gold standard of Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview. The reliability was determined by examining internal consistency. The receiver operating characteristic curve was established to calculate sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool. Construct validity was determined using confirmatory factor analysis. Result: The translated version of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test showed language clarity. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α = 0.9). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test provides an excellent receiver operating curve with cut-off point ⩾8 for females (sensitivity = 0.92, specificity = 0.87, positive predictive value = 70.2, negative predictive value = 96.9, likelihood ratio+ = 7.16, and likelihood ratio− = 0.1) and ⩾10 for males (sensitivity = 0.91, specificity = 0.84, positive predictive value = 72.6%, negative predictive value = 95.3%, likelihood ratio+ = 5.57, and likelihood ratio− = 0.10). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded good model fit indices for the two- and three-factor models, with the two-factor model outperforming the others. Conclusion: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test has been proven to be a reliable tool for detecting alcohol use in gedofa-speaking medical outpatients.