Biological and microbiological performance of new polymer-based chitosan and synthesized amino-cyclodextrin finished polypropylene abdominal wall prosthesis biomaterial

Abstract

This study deals with the development of a polypropylene (PP) artificial abdominal wall prosthesis textile with improved biological and antibiotic delivery properties. This added functionality was obtained by finishing of PP prosthesis textile with chitosan (CS), synthesized per-amino-cyclodextrin (CD-NH2) and polyacrylic acid (PAA). The finishing process involved polymerization between the three last mentioned reactants, which generated a cross-linked polymer that coated the PP surface meshes. Then different characterizations were performed on our wash-resistant functionalization to evaluate its efficiency. Firstly, wettability performance, for various grafting rates of the PP biomaterials, was assessed via the drop contact angle technique. Then, a mechanical characterization through an evaluation of the tensile strength revealed no influence of our grafting procedure on these properties. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was performed to evaluate the grafting mode and its effectiveness. Inclusion complex formation between the ciprofloxacin and both CD-NH2 and its polymer were studied via isothermal titration calorimetry measurements. Antibiotic sorption capacities of treated and untreated textile samples were then studied by batch assessments coupled with spectrophotometric analysis. The biological and microbiological properties of the PP mesh functionalized with the CS-CD-NH2 polymer and charged by selected antibiotic were assessed by cell culture analysis. After 3 and 6 days of cell contact, the results revealed an improved proliferation and adhesion of NIH3T3 fibroblastic cells and no obvious cytotoxicity on the chemical functionalized substrate. Finally, in vitro antimicrobial activity of the CS-CD-NH2-grafted PP biomaterial previously loaded with antibiotic was evaluated against the different bacteria strains, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli. Results revealed a greatly superior activity with the functionalized PP meshes compared to that of the untreated PP within a 24 h batch experiment in human blood plasma medium. In summary, the different results from the present study provide an insight into the efficient performance of CS/CD-NH2 polymer as drug delivery system for various applications in the field of medical biomaterials.