Tensile Recovery Behavior of Textile Fibers

Abstract

The recovery data available on textile materials are scarce and difficult to compare. Very few data on fibers have been presented in which differentiation is made between immediate and delayed recovery. Until the present, no adequate method except the pulse-propagation technique has been known to separate these strain components. Using the Instron tensile tester, a cycling method was developed to measure directly the total elongation and permanent set and to permit also determination of the immediate and delayed recovery. The conditions of the tests were standardized. Some studies were made on the effect of deviations from the standardized conditions. The recovery behavior of 25 samples representing 16 different textile fibers was measured under the standardized conditions. Their recovery behavior is presented by tabular data and by two series of rectangular graphs. The values of immediate and delayed recovery and of permanent set as obtained describe the recovery behavior of fibers with adequate accuracy from the initial application of stress to the breaking point. The recovery behavior was found to be characteristic for any material; however, it was affected by the history of the samples. The recovery of Fiberglas, cotton, Saran, viscose, acetate, nylon, Orlon acrylic fiber, Fiber V, Vinyon CF-HST, N, NOZZ, NORU, wool, casein, and polyethylene is discussed, and an at tempt is made to interpret the data. Results obtained in this study have been correlated to known recovery data of other authors: Meredith, Maillard and coworkers, and Hamburger.