Studying the impact of multilayer fabric on the characteristic of temperature distribution under the influence of fire

Abstract

The paper reports the results of research on different structures for multilayer clothing fabrics characterized by the occurrence of air spaces between individual layers. The main goal of this structure was improving the thermal protective properties of the fabric to be more effective than single-layer fabrics. Three types of fabric were investigated: a single-layer fabric; a self-bonded two-layer fabric, where the outer layers are joined by means of a tie-up in the process of weaving; and a self-bonded three-layer fabric, where the middle layer with fewer warp and weft threads join both outer layers. All the fabrics were produced under the same technical and technological conditions using flame-retardant yarn. Moreover, the value of the final mass per unit area for all the fabrics is similar; for the thermal protective test the single-layer fabric is double-folded. The thermal protective properties of the fabrics characterized by means of temperature distribution on the textile surface were tested using a thermal imaging camera. The three-layer fabric has the most favorable thermal protection in comparison with the double-folded single-layer and self-bonded two-layer fabrics, despite all fabrics having the same mass per unit area.