The Impact of Patient Autonomy Among Uninsured Free Clinic Patients

Abstract

Uninsured primary care patients tend to experience barriers to autonomy in clinical decision-making due to limited choices of healthcare facilities and low health literacy. This study examined whether certain factors, including the component of patient-centeredness, are associated with patient autonomy among these populations and contribute to reducing disparities in healthcare. This was a cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of free clinic patients aged 18 years and older who spoke English and/or Spanish. Multiple regression analyses were performed to understand factors associated with Ideal Patient's Autonomy. Data were collected from September to December 2019. Findings conclude that Spanish-speaking patients at the free clinic have a stronger belief in a paternalist model of the provider–patient relationship ( P < .01). Better communication between patients and providers results in higher levels of autonomy ( P < .01). Higher levels of educational attainment and better communication partnership were associated with higher levels of a free clinic patient's understanding of treatment risks ( P < .01). This research study found that components of patient-centeredness are important considerations for improving patient autonomy among free clinic patients.