Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Hospital: Inpatient’s Perceived Quality in Spain

Abstract

Although the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has generated a large amount of studies, the patient-perceived quality of care (PQ) in this context is still not well known, so more studies intending to focus on this issue are strongly needed. This study assesses changes on PQ in patients hospitalized in Spain during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic and investigates differences between those admitted for this cause and the rest a descriptive study using the “Net Promoters Score” and the hospital regular monitoring plan. Due to this point of view, ethical approval is not applicable. Four PQ dimensions (nurse, physician, and nurse assistant actions [NA], and discharge information [DI]) were measured in all COVID patients (57) and in a sample of non-COVID patients (60) discharged at home during the first month of the pandemic, and also compared with another sample (384) from an immediately previous period. The COVID patients scored worse (8.2) than non-COVID ones (9.0; P < .0001), especially in NA and DI, and were more likely to be detractors (odds ratio [OR]: 3.05, P < .0001) and less to be promoters (OR: 0.64, P < .05). Global and DI net promoters score values before the pandemic were higher than afterward. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively and significantly influenced the health care quality as perceived by inpatients, both in COVID and in non-COVID ones, but more intensely in the former. As a health care organization, this knowledge meant an opportunity from improvement and to be better qualified to face the pandemic.