Naturalistic face adaptation: How we adapt to freckles fast and sustainably

Abstract

While sunbathing, our skin becomes susceptible to quite remarkable changes in visual appearance, that is, freckles appear or increase in intensity—most obviously on the face. Research on face adaptation repeatedly showed that the inspection of manipulated versions of faces (so-called adaptor faces) leads to robust and sustainable changes in the perception of subsequently presented faces. Therefore, during the adaptation phase of the present study, participants saw faces with either strongly increased or decreased intensities of freckles. After a 5-minute break, during the test phase, participants had to identify the veridical (non-manipulated) face out of two faces (a slightly manipulated face combined with a non-manipulated face). Results showed strong adaptation effects to increased and decreased levels of freckles. We conclude that updating facial representations in memory is relatively fast, and these representation updates seem to sustain over a certain time span (at least 5 minutes). Face-specificity of our effects will be discussed. The results align with our everyday experience that the appearance of freckles in spring is a salient change in a familiar face; however, we seem to not register these changes after a few exposures due to a loss of information quality.