Affiliation:
1. Division of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Cape Cod Hospital, Hyannis, MA
2. Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA
3. Clinical Instructor in Laryngology & Otology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Phone: 508/771-1800; Fax: 508/778-6327.
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower respiratory tract which is triggered by exposure to allergens or other airway irritants, and is commonly encountered in otolaryngologic practice. This three-part review is designed to assist otolaryngologists in effectively managing their asthmatic patients. In Part I, current information on the pathophysiology and increasing prevalence of asthma, its clinical variability, the assessment of asthma severity and methods for diagnosis of asthma were summarized. Part 11 discusses a tripartite strategy for asthma management, based on environmental controls, the use of anti-inflammatory therapies and patient education. In addition, pharmacologic treatments which are not primarily anti-inflammatory are reviewed in detail. The uses, effectiveness, side effects and suitability for drug combination therapy for mucolytic, anticholinergic, antihistamine, theophylline and beta agonist drugs are compared, and the disadvantages of beta antagonists are summarized. Part III concludes with an overview of antiinflammatory therapies for asthma control.