Affiliation:
1. Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
Abstract
This case report describes rare concomitant allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) and chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (CGIFS) in a 34-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) post bone marrow transplantation. Initially presenting with rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction, the patient was diagnosed with AFRS in the right maxillary sinus, followed by a postoperative course of CGIFS in the left nasal cavity, showcasing the unique occurrence. She was not immunocompromised during diagnosis. CGIFS may have occurred because of surgery; however, voriconazole led to significant improvement. This case highlights noninvasive and invasive fungal infections in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and a history of GVHD and underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing such cases.