Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies of Unusual Subglottic Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is primarily found in the salivary glands, and is extremely rare in the subglottic region. Here we present a subglottic PA that presented with symptoms of dry cough and dyspnea. A submucosal mass was found in the subglottic region under laryngoscopy, occluding approximately 40% of the lumen. The patient underwent the transoral endoscopic CO2 laser microsurgery under high-frequency jet ventilation for mass resection, and the pathology report supported the diagnosis of PA. At the 2-year follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence, and the patient is currently under regular long-term monitoring. Dyspnea and dry cough are nonspecific respiratory symptoms. When no findings discovered in the regular site, it should be noted that the subglottic area is often a blind spot for both pulmonologists and otolaryngologists, and as such, requires careful examination. Transoral endoscopic CO2 laser microsurgery under high-frequency jet ventilation was found to be an effective and less invasive method for treating subglottic PA. This approach helped avoid tracheostomy and resulted in better postoperative recovery.