“Split to Save”: Accessing Mandibular Lesions using Sagittal Split Osteotomy with Virtual Surgical Planning

Abstract

Large, benign intramandibular lesions are frequently removed by resection followed by extensive free tissue transfer or delayed bone grafting. We outline a protocol to remove benign mandibular lesions using sagittal split osteotomy (SSO) with virtual surgical planning (VSP) to mitigate risks involved with this effective, tissue-saving approach. Patients with benign mandibular lesions accessed by SSO with VSP during 2014 were included in this study. Computed tomographic data were imported into VSP software. Using VSP, the exact locations of mandibular lesions and the inferior alveolar nerve canal were delineated. SSO was designed virtually and provided surgeons exact measurements to gain access to lesions and to avoid vital structures intraoperatively. SSO with VSP preserved the cortical mandibular bone and the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle in 3 patients with benign mandibular lesions. Twelve months after surgery, no patient had pathologic fracture, prolonged paresthesia (except for the patient who required inferior alveolar nerve resection), or malocclusion. No patient required bone grafting. There were no functional or aesthetic jaw deficits. SSO is an effective approach to access intramandibular lesions. The technique does not result in loss of mandibular bone, and patients return to full masticatory function compared with those who require resection and reconstruction. VSP may mitigate technical challenges associated with SSO.