Growth charts of human development

Author:

van Buuren Stef12

Affiliation:

1. Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands

2. Department of Methodology and Statistics, FSS, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands

Abstract

This article reviews and compares two types of growth charts for tracking human development over age. Both charts assume the existence of a continuous latent variable, but relate to the observed data in different ways. The D-score diagram summarizes developmental indicators into a single aggregate score measuring global development. The relations between the indicators should be consistent with the Rasch model. If true, the D-score is a measure with interval scale properties, and allows for the calculation of meaningful differences both within and across age. The stage line diagram describes the natural development of ordinal indicators. The method models the transition probabilities between successive stages of the indicator as smoothly varying functions of age. The location of each stage is quantified by the mid- P-value. Both types of diagrams assist in identifying early and delayed development, as well as finding differences in tempo. The relevant techniques are illustrated to track global development during infancy and early childhood (0–2 years) and Tanner pubertal stages (8–21 years). New reference values for both applications are provided.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Health Information Management,Statistics and Probability,Epidemiology

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