Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from commonly reported quantiles in meta-analysis
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Published:2020-01-30
Issue:9
Volume:29
Page:2520-2537
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ISSN:0962-2802
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Container-title:Statistical Methods in Medical Research
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Stat Methods Med Res
Author:
McGrath Sean1, Zhao XiaoFei1, Steele Russell2, Thombs Brett D.34567, Benedetti Andrea156ORCID, Levis Brooke, Riehm Kira E., Saadat Nazanin, Levis Alexander W., Azar Marleine, Rice Danielle B., Sun Ying, Krishnan Ankur, He Chen, Wu Yin, Bhandari Parash Mani, Neupane Dipika, Imran Mahrukh, Boruff Jill, Cuijpers Pim, Gilbody Simon, Ioannidis John P.A., Kloda Lorie A., McMillan Dean, Patten Scott B., Shrier Ian, Ziegelstein Roy C., Akena Dickens H., Arroll Bruce, Ayalon Liat, Baradaran Hamid R., Baron Murray, Beraldi Anna, Bombardier Charles H., Butterworth Peter, Carter Gregory, Chagas Marcos H., Chan Juliana C. N., Cholera Rushina, Chowdhary Neerja, Clover Kerrie, Conwell Yeates, de Man-van Ginkel Janneke M., Delgadillo Jaime, Fann Jesse R., Fischer Felix H., Fischler Benjamin, Fung Daniel, Gelaye Bizu, Goodyear-Smith Felicity, Greeno Catherine G., Hall Brian J., Harrison Patricia A., Harter Martin, Hegerl Ulrich, Hides Leanne, Hobfoll Stevan E., Hudson Marie, Hyphantis Thomas, Inagaki Masatoshi, Ismail Khalida, Jetté Nathalie, Khamseh Mohammad E., Kiely Kim M., Kwan Yunxin, Lamers Femke, Liu Shen-Ing, Lotrakul Manote, Loureiro Sonia R., Löwe Bernd, Marsh Laura, McGuire Anthony, Sidik Sherina Mohd, Munhoz Tiago N., Muramatsu Kumiko, Osório Flávia L., Patel Vikram, Pence Brian W., Persoons Philippe, Picardi Angelo, Reuter Katrin, Rooney Alasdair G., Santos Iná S., Shaaban Juwita, Sidebottom Abbey, Simning Adam, Stafford Lesley, Sung Sharon C., Lynnette Tan Pei Lin, Turner Alyna, van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M., van Weert Henk C., Vöhringer Paul A., White Jennifer, Whooley Mary A., Winkley Kirsty, Yamada Mitsuhiko, Zhang Yuying,
Affiliation:
1. Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit (RECRU), McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 3. Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 4. Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 5. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 6. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 7. Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Abstract
Researchers increasingly use meta-analysis to synthesize the results of several studies in order to estimate a common effect. When the outcome variable is continuous, standard meta-analytic approaches assume that the primary studies report the sample mean and standard deviation of the outcome. However, when the outcome is skewed, authors sometimes summarize the data by reporting the sample median and one or both of (i) the minimum and maximum values and (ii) the first and third quartiles, but do not report the mean or standard deviation. To include these studies in meta-analysis, several methods have been developed to estimate the sample mean and standard deviation from the reported summary data. A major limitation of these widely used methods is that they assume that the outcome distribution is normal, which is unlikely to be tenable for studies reporting medians. We propose two novel approaches to estimate the sample mean and standard deviation when data are suspected to be non-normal. Our simulation results and empirical assessments show that the proposed methods often perform better than the existing methods when applied to non-normal data.
Funder
Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Subject
Health Information Management,Statistics and Probability,Epidemiology
Cited by
357 articles.
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