The Association of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia on Postoperative Complications and Periprosthetic Joint Infections Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Abstract

Background A recently proposed risk factor for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) in men is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The objective was to explore the association of BPH on 1) 90-day complications, 2) length of stay (LOS), 3) readmission rates, and 4) healthcare expenditures following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Methods A retrospective query was performed using a nationwide claims database from January 2005 to March 2014 for male patients undergoing primary TSA. The study cohort included 5067 patients with BPH while 50,720 patients served as the comparison cohort. Logistic regression determined the association of BPH on complications and readmissions. A p value less than 0.001 was significant. Results Patients with BPH had higher incidence and odds (36.8 vs. 6.2%; OR: 2.73, p < 0.0001) of all ninety-day medical complications including PJIs (0.49 vs. 0.32%; OR: 1.54, p  < 0.001). BPH patients had longer in-hospital LOS (3- vs. 2-days, p  < 0.0001). Study group patients had higher 90-day episode of care reimbursements ($13,653 vs. $12,688), p  < 0.0001). Conclusions BPH is associated with increased complications and healthcare expenditures following total shoulder arthroplasty. The investigation can be used to educate BPH patients of the possible adverse events which may occur within ninety-days following primary TSA for the treatment of glenohumeral osteoarthritis.