What Explains Excess Liquidity of Banks? Empirical Evidence from India

Abstract

We study excess liquidity in the banking system using data for India during 2005–2020. We apply Autoregressive Distributed Lag model and panel regressions to identify the factors determining excess liquidity at both aggregate and bank levels. We find that required reserves, private sector credit, and government securities held by banks have negative, positive, and negative effects on excess liquidity, respectively. Other factors such as exchange rate and inter-bank call rate have varying effects at the two levels. Our results suggest that banks can chalk out mechanisms to optimize their liquidity management and avoid the cost of excess liquidity. JEL Classifications: C23, E50, E58, G00, G21