Funduscopic and Angiographic Characteristics in Early and Late Macular Telangiectasia Type 2

Abstract

Purpose: To report the morphological and vascular characteristics using funduscopic and angiographic features in different cohort as stratified by stages of macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2). Methods: A cross-sectional, multicentered study of 149 eyes (75 patients) with MacTel 2 was done. The eyes were divided into 2 groups: early group which includes eyes with stages 1 (40 eyes), 2 (41 eyes), and 3 (32 eyes) of MacTel 2 and late group which includes eyes with stages 4 (13 eyes) and 5 (23 eyes) of MacTel 2. The morphological and vascular characteristics on fundus examination and fluorescein angiography (FA) were studied in both groups and their association was found. Results: The gender (female: odds ratio [OR] = 4.98, P = .040), presence of dilated parafoveal capillaries (OR = 2.668, P = .026), retinal pigment plaques (OR = 27.067, P = .0001), patchy choroidal filling in FA (OR = 3.536, P = .004), and presence of prominent arteriole (OR = 3.434, P = .002) were associated with late stages of MacTel 2. Conclusion: Presence of retinal pigment plaques, dilated parafoveal capillaries, patchy choroidal filling, and female gender are more likely to be associated with late-stage disease.