Unaccompanied Migrant Children in US Government Custody: 2014–2023

Author:

Alcaraz Melissa1ORCID,Pierce Hayley1,López Jane Lilly1ORCID,Augustine-Adams Kif

Affiliation:

1. Brigham Young University, Utah

Abstract

Between October 1, 2014, and March 1, 2023, the US Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) took custody of 568,890 unaccompanied migrant children. Drawing on a unique dataset that ORR produced in response to Freedom of Information Act requests and litigation, we provide the first comprehensive, long-term demographic study of the population of unaccompanied migrant children while in ORR custody. Our analysis reveals the children's differential treatment and experiences across time and demographic characteristics. We contextualize ORR's treatment of the children in its custody by identifying legal standards governing their care. We also examine how specific instances of legal, political, and social change in the United States correlate with fluctuations in the origin-based demographics of unaccompanied migrant children seeking refuge in the United States. Results highlight the differential treatment and intense uncertainty that unaccompanied migrant children face in the United States based on their age, gender, country and region of origin, ORR program placements, and discharge types.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Reference102 articles.

1. Alvarez P. 2021a. “Every Day, I Feel Really Sad”: Migrant Children Still in Temporary Sites for Prolonged Periods, Attorneys Say. CNN, June 22. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/21/politics/migrant-children-detention-court-filing/index.html.

2. Alvarez P. 2021b. Biden Administration to Close Some Emergency Shelters for Unaccompanied Children. CNN, June 28. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/06/28/politics/us-mexico-border-emergency-shelters/index.html.

3. American Immigration Council. 2021. A Guide to Title 42 Expulsions at the Border, October 15. https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/guide-title-42-expulsions-border.

4. American Oversight. 2023. A Timeline of the Trump Administration’s Family Separation Policy—American Oversight. https://www.americanoversight.org/a-timeline-of-the-trump-administrations-family-separation-policy.

5. Unaccompanied Children at the United States Border, a Human Rights Crisis that can be Addressed with Policy Change

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