1. Department of Nursing, Tokyo University of Information Sciences, Chiba City, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
2. Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
3. Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
4. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
5. Department of Nursing, University of Human Environments, Obu City, Aichi Prefecture Japan