Immunobiology of Langerhans' Cells Migrating into Aural Cholesteatomas

Abstract

Immunohistochemical and submicroscopic analyses of human cholesteatoma matrices reveal the presence of Langerhans' cells and T lymphocytes. Through cell-to-cell Interaction, Langerhans' cells probably play a key role In skin-related disorders, including cholesteatomas. They originate from a mobile cell population of monocyte origin and migrate into and out of the body's lining. Their custodial function is always carried out In close relation with T lymphocytes. Various monoclonal antibodies directed against Langerhans' cell and T lymphocyte membrane receptors reveal the presence of these cell populations in cholesteatoma matrices but not in the tympanic membrane. Langerhans' cell and T cell traffic through cholesteatomas are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis, natural course, and recurrence rate of cholesteatomas. Through Immunopathologic evaluation the clinical aggressiveness of a cholesteatoma will probably become predictable. Medical manipulation of Langerhans' cell and T cell functions-as an adjuvant to surgery-may have consequences for the future handling of cholesteatomas.