1. Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, and Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
2. Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
3. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
4. Eastern Virginia Medical School, Graduate Program in Public Health, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
5. Departments of Pediatric Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery & Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA