Heptanol Application to the Mouse Round Window

Author:

Stevens Shawn M.1,Xing Yazhi2,Hensley Christopher T.2,Zhu Juhong2,Dubno Judy R.12,Lang Hainan2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA

2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA

Abstract

Objective Identify cells supporting cochlear lateral wall regeneration. Study Design Prospective controlled trial. Setting Laboratory. Human presbyacusis occurs, in part, secondary to age-related degeneration of cochlear lateral wall structures such as the stria vascularis and spiral ligament fibrocytes. This degeneration is likely linked to the diminished regenerative capacity of lateral wall cells with age. While lateral wall regeneration is known to occur after an acute insult, this process remains poorly understood and the cells capable of self-replication unidentified. We hypothesized that spiral ligament fibrocytes constitute these proliferative cells. Subjects and Methods To test the hypothesis, an acute ototoxic insult was created in 65 normal-hearing, young adult mice via cochlear exposure to heptanol. Sacrifice occurred at 1 to 60 days posttreatment. Auditory brainstem responses, 5-ethynyl-2′−deoxyuridine assay, and immunostaining were used to assess regeneration. Results Posttreatment hearing thresholds were elevated in nearly all treated mice. Selective fibrocyte apoptosis and strial injury were observed at the time of peak hearing loss around 1 to 7 days posttreatment. Cellular proliferation was detected in the region of type II fibrocytes during this time. Hearing thresholds plateaued at 7 days posttreatment followed by a significant recovery of both hearing and morphologic appearance. Permanent outer hair cell degeneration was observed. Conclusions Heptanol application to the round window of young adult mice is a rapid, selective, and reliable technique for investigating proliferation in the cochlear lateral wall. The data indirectly showed that spiral ligament fibrocytes may be the proliferative cells of the cochlear lateral wall. Further studies of this process are needed.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Otorhinolaryngology,Surgery

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