1. Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Norway and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
2. Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada
3. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål/Center for Patient Centered Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
4. Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
5. Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Health and society, Department of Nursing Science, University of Oslo, Norway
6. Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
7. Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Norway