Development and application of nonwovens based on palm fiber as reinforcements of unsaturated polyester

Author:

Azmami Oussama12,Sajid Laila23,Majid Sanaa4,Ahmadi Zakia El3,Benayada Abbès3,Gmouh Said1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Engineering and Materials (LIMAT), Faculty of Sciences Ben M’sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco

2. Laboratory of Expertise and Control (LEC), Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries (ESITH), Casablanca, Morocco

3. Laboratory of Applied Geophysics of Geotechnical Geology of Engineering and Environment (L3GIE), Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

4. Laboratory of Materials Engineering for the Environment and Valorization (GeMEV), Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the potential of nonwovens made from untreated (U) and alkaline/bleaching treated (T) palm, wool, and polyester fibers as reinforcing materials in polyester matrix for automotive interior applications. Four needle-punched nonwovens were developed and used with and without chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTS) treatment as polyester matrix fillers. Eight composite panels were made using the resin transfer molding machine process and compared to the matrix panel in terms of physical, mechanical, thermal, and climate resistance. The produced composite materials have smooth surfaces and provide consumers with four different aesthetically pleasing finishes. The physical results reveal that the UPalm/Wool and UPalm/Polyester nonwovens lower matrix density from 1223.3 Kg/m3 to 1022.3 and 1040.7 Kg/m3, respectively. The SEM images show that palm fibers are more adherent to the matrix after being treated with an alkaline/bleaching solution. This adhesion is also improved after nonwovens are treated with the CPTS precursor. The composite reinforced with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven has the highest tensile strength and modulus (72.1 MPa and 3.76 GPa), which are 127% and 36% greater than those of the polyester matrix, respectively. The matrix’s flexural strength and modulus are also enhanced by 148% and 59%, respectively, after reinforcing with CPTS-treated TPalm/Polyester nonwoven. The use of TPalm/Wool and TPalm/Polyester nonwovens as polyester matrix fillers reduces their thermal conductivity from 0.125 W/(m.K) to 0.081 and 0.095 W/(m.K), respectively. Moreover, the climate aging results indicate that composites reinforced with CPTS-treated nonwovens are more stable to climate, implying their applicability and durability in automotive interior applications.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Materials Chemistry,Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Ceramics and Composites

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