Mutual Action Between MMCS Structure and Projectile After Ballistic Impact

Abstract

The interaction between a projectile and metal—matrix composites (MMCs) was investigated in terms of macro cracking, petalling and particularly grain deformation of a matrix alloy at the hole section caused by the projectile at high velocity impact. Metal matrix composites were manufactured by squeeze casting using Al alloys reinforced with Al 2O3 or SiC. Additionally, laminated composites with SiC particles and back side supported by Kevlar 49® were manufactured and their ballistic behavior tested. The composite and unreinforced Al alloy targets were subjected to ballistic impact with an armor piercing projectile of 7.62mm caliber at a speed in the range of 770—800 m/s. The macro examination focused on cracking and petalling after impact. The investigation of grain deformations of matrix alloy was conducted by light microscopy in the hole section created by the projectile. The hole section created by the projectile had different profiles. Around the hole sections, different grain deformation rates in different directions took place for reinforced and unreinforced Al alloys. Strong friction took place between the projectile and hole surface and the velocity of the projectile was decreased suddenly in the hole as it met the reinforcement particles in the composite body. These led to deformations of the projectile surface and grain surrounding the reinforcement. In the case of laminate composites, the laminates were fractured and deformed in the direction of projectile movement.