Increasing Surface Hydrophilicity in Poly(Lactic Acid) Electrospun Fibers by Addition of Pla-b-Peg Co-Polymers

Abstract

Poly (lactic acid) – b – poly (ethylene glycol) (PLA-b-PEG) co-polymers with block lengths of 1000–750, 5000–1000, 1000–5000, and bulk PEG were added to PLA electrospinning dopes to create hydrophilic but non-water soluble nanofibers. PLA-b-PEG block lengths strongly affected the total amount of PEG that could be incorporated, as well as spinnability and fiber morphology. Solutions containing >1% w/w of the lowest molecular weight co-polymer PLA (1000) – b – PEG (750) formed an unspinnable, cloudy gel. Addition of the PLA (5000) – b – PEG (1000) to the base spinning solution influenced fiber diameters and spinnability in the same manner as simply increasing PLA concentration in the spinning dope. Addition of PLA (1000) – b – PEG (5000) resulted in decreased fiber diameters, and allowed for the highest overall co-polymer loading. In final fiber formulations, maximums of 0.9, 2.9 and 9.3 wt% PEG could be achieved using the PLA-b-PEG 1000–750, 5000–1000 and 1000–5000 respectively. PEG (MW = 3350 g/mol) homopolymer was added to the spinning dopes to prepare fibers with 1.0 and 5.0 wt% PEG. The resulting fibers had non-uniform morphology and more variable diameter size than occurred with the addition of PEG in block co-polymer form. Water absorbance by electrospun nonwoven fabrics increased by four times over the control PLA with the addition of 1.0 wt% PEG, and by eighteen times with the addition of 9.3 wt% PEG with the block co-polymers. At similar overall PEG loadings, the addition of PLA-b-PEG resulted in a two to four fold increase in water wicking over the addition of PEG homopolymer.