Effect of Obesity on Complications in Short-Scar Breast Reduction: A Retrospective Study of 236 Consecutive Patients

Abstract

Background: Prior studies have examined the relationship between obesity and adverse outcomes after reduction mammaplasty, suggesting a correlation between increasing body mass index (BMI) and postoperative complications. However, there is little data published regarding such correlation with respect to short-scar technique. Methods: A total of 236 patients underwent short-scar mammaplasty with a superomedial pedicle from 2008 to 2014. The procedure was performed by a single surgeon at an academic medical center. Adverse outcomes included delayed healing, major wounds, nipple necrosis, fat necrosis, seroma, hematoma, infection, revision, and dog ear deformities. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios for the association of BMI category with the development of any adverse outcome. Results: Patients were grouped by the following BMI categories: <25 kg/m2 (n = 27), 25 to <30 kg/m2 (n = 71), 30 to <35 kg/m2 (n = 73), 35 to <40 kg/m2 (n = 45), and >40 kg/m2 (n = 20). The mean follow-up period was 260 days. The total complication rate in each group was 22.2%, 23.9%, 27.4%, 33.3%, and 45.0%, respectively. Although the proportion of patients experiencing at least 1 adverse outcome increased across the ascending BMI categories ( P trend = .145), there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: This study of 236 patients who underwent short-scar reduction mammaplasty found a positive trend in the incidence of adverse outcomes as BMI increased. However, this was not statistically significant.