Review of phase change material application in thermal management of electric vehicle battery pack

Abstract

Thermal management is a crucial design aspect for the safety and performance of the Lithium-ion battery pack used in electric vehicles. Phase change material (PCM) based battery thermal management is one of the appropriate passive or hybrid thermal management. The present paper highlights the selection of PCM depends on various factors related to application operating conditions like ambient temperature, the heat released by the battery, and the type of battery pack design. In selecting PCM, a thorough understanding of various PCMs requires an overall review of multiple types and properties of organic and inorganic PCM, using phase change equilibrium diagrams to comprehend phase change transformations. Further, the present work summarizes the various studies on PCM durability, different thermal performance enhancement techniques, and methodology for selecting PCM; as a result, assisting the researchers and engineers in choosing the appropriate PCM for the various EV battery thermal management applications in terms of chemical, thermal, and economic aspects