Use of Diet, Nutritional Supplements and Exercise in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapies: A Systematic Review

Author:

Leyes Pere1,Martínez Esteban2,de Talló Forga Maria1

Affiliation:

1. Nutritition and Dietetics Unit, Endocrinology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

2. Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain

Abstract

BackgroundThe use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the prognosis of HIV infection, but it has also been linked to a spectrum of body composition changes and metabolic alterations known as the lipodystrophy syndrome. Nutritional status could influence body composition changes.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of published peer-reviewed data on the effects of diet, nutrition support and exercise on body composition and metabolic complications in patients receiving cART.ResultsFew controlled studies, most of them with small sample size, were found. Oral nutritional support increases protein and energy intake, and results in body weight and fat mass gains. Resistance exercise, with or without an aerobic component, increases lean mass and can improve insulin resistance. Low-fat diets or exercise can result in loss of fat mass, and they should be used with caution in subjects with lipoatrophy.ConclusionsNutritional support and exercise result in small but significant body composition changes and can be used as complementary interventions. There is a need for further research on nutritional interventions in HIV-infected patients receiving cART.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology

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1. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral therapy: current progresses and future directions;Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology;2024-06-04

2. Non‐Inflammatory Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat;Rook's Textbook of Dermatology;2024-02-20

3. Other Acquired Disorders of Subcutaneous Fat;Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition;2016-10-09

4. Special Patient Populations;Clinical Lipidology;2015

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