Key-finding, Fingering, and Timing in Piano Performance of Children

Abstract

This study was an investigation of timing accuracy and tempo of performance in entry-level piano performance of children. Female and male subjects, 7, 9 and 11 years of age, using the right or left hand, performed three tasks. They performed the durational rhythm of a folksong by playing (1) with one finger on one key; (2) with one finger on five keys; and (3) with five fingers on five keys. Significant main effects for motor task, age, and gender were found for timing accuracy and tempo. Some significant interaction effects also resulted, especially for tempo. In general, performance was more inaccurate and slower for more complex tasks, for younger subjects, and for male subjects. Left-handed performance of the most complex task was more inaccurate and slower. Implications for piano pedagogy and theory of motor learning were considered.