Communicating Health Risks in the Pacific: Scientific Construct and Cultural Reality

Abstract

Health workers often communicate to people from a position of power rather than focusing on the needs of the receivers. This is usually clouded with jargon and the so-called principles of scientific accuracy. Often the use of science is to justify the health worker's position rather than to precipitate actions to promote health and achieve people's control over their lives. Communication involves a tripartite reciprocal interaction between the sender, receiver and the medium. This involves both science and art specific to the message, language, values and participants. If the ultimate purpose of communication is healthful action and community control, then scientificness of the explanations must be secondary. Therefore the art of getting the message across must be the priority rather than it being scientifically sound. This conflict is discussed in relation to experiences in the Pacific Islands. The communication of health risks in the Pacific involves the multi-tiered translation of scientific concepts and language into those of the target populations. The scientific concepts are usually occidental and need to be translated into vernacular worldviews and languages. Experiences in and examples from the Pacific have challenged the primacy of scientific explanations over the need to minimise health risks and increase of community control. For health promotion to succeed in multicultural and multilingual Pacific, New Zealand and Australia, the art and science of communicating health risks must be titrated against scientific explanations to appropriately and primarily promote health. Asia Pac J Public Health 2000;12(2): 90-97