Public Fear and Risk Perception During Dengue Fever Outbreak in Taiwan

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the public reaction to the 2015 dengue outbreak in Taiwan by determining the key influencing factors. A total of 1104 respondents aged 18 years and over, were recruited by telephone between November 20 and 28, 2015, to investigate fear, risk perception, and psychological distress during the dengue outbreak. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that fear of dengue was more prevalent in the areas that were most affected, as well as those with infected friends or relatives. Fear was also more pronounced among females and the elderly group, especially in terms of perceived risk of infection, severity of the infection, the uncertain cured rate, the adverse effects on daily life, in which all lead to psychological distress. Fear of dengue fever, perceived risk of dengue infection, and psychological distress associated with the dengue fever pandemic were the main variables investigated in this study. Since media mass can serve as a unified platform for all public health communications, it is recommended that the government utilizes the power of media to deliver pandemic prevention measures. Specifically, health education interventions related to risk communication should focus on the most infected areas while taking gender and age into consideration.