The Dutch Cannabis Debate, 1968–1976

Abstract

Today's Dutch drug policy has acquired the reputation of standing outside the international mainstream of drug control. One of the most eye-catching aspects of the revision of the Dutch Opium Act in 1976 has been the de facto decriminalization of cannabis in small amounts. Nowadays the use of and small-scale dealing in cannabis has become normalized. This process of normalization is widely seen as a “model” for a revision of European drug policies. However, in this article the conclusion is reached that this process should not be considered as a “model.” When we examine the arguments, points of contention, and policy alternatives discussed within the Dutch ministries between 1968 and 1976, it becomes clear that the de facto decriminalization of soft drugs was more the result of the absence of policy, and of a belated adaptation to already existing circumstances, than of any rational, well-considered action.